As geothermal operations are concentrated in seismic active zones, energy production by extraction or circulation of geofluids can lead to induced seismicity. Land subsidence can occur from the extraction of fluid and steam from geothermal reservoirs. Land use during the different project phases of a geothermal power plant can be temporal (construction and reclamation) or permanent (operation) and includes changes to landscape and to natural features. Solid waste is created during drilling and operation phases and waste from geothermal energy production includes activated carbon from abatement systems and chemical deposition in pipes, vessels and in cooling towers.
